Updates on the clinical epidemiology of HIV-1 group O strains in Cameroon and potential implications on diagnosis and treatment strategies

Cameroon is an epicentre of diverse HIV-1 strains, with challenges in diagnosis and disease management. The objective herein was to update the prevalence of HIV-1 non-M and compare diagnostic-performance of the 2-test vs. 3-test algorithms. A facility-based study was conducted in February 2024 on 2207 HIV-1 clinical-samples at the Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre, Yaoundé-Cameroon. Molecular-phylogeny and rapid-subtyping were performed for identifying HIV-1 non-M. Performances of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) used in the 2-test (determine and KHB) vs.